Disclosed is a resistance-measurement apparatus, including: multiple measurement chambers for holding powdery materials; multiple first electrodes that press the respective powder materials in the measurement chambers; at least one second electrode that faces the first electrodes and that presses the powdery materials; and a measuring device that measures a resistance between the first electrodes and the at least one second electrode. Further disclosed is a resistance-measurement method, including: (i) placing at least one powdery material between a number N of first electrodes and at least one second electrode, and pressing the at least one powdery material therebetween; (ii) measuring an impedance between the number N of the first electrodes and the at least one second electrode; and (iii) measuring an impedance between a number M of the first electrodes and the at least one second electrode, wherein the number N is different from the number M.