The utility model relates to the technical field of oil field multilateral well drilling and completion, in particular to an elastic locking type whipstock. The upper end of an anchoring tool of the device is connected with an outer locking sleeve through an unlocking pin; the bottom of the lower positioning tool is arranged in the anchoring tool through threaded connection; the top of the lower positioning tool is machined into a slope, the bottom of the upper positioning tool is machined with a slope in matched butt joint with the slope at the top of the lower positioning tool, the upper endof the upper positioning tool is in threaded connection with the whipstock, and a plurality of axial seams are evenly machined in the side wall of the upper end of the outer locking sleeve to enablethe side wall of the upper end of the outer locking sleeve to form a plurality of axial strips. According to the locking mechanism, locking of the whipstock and the anchoring tool is achieved, the problem that a window deviates due to the fact that the whipstock of the inclined section of the large well is prone to being separated from the anchoring tool is solved, the implementation range of themultilateral well is expanded, the unlocking force can be changed by adjusting the size of the unlocking pin, and flexibility is high in field use.