The utility model relates to a portable high-voltage equipment fault positioning device. The defects in the prior art are overcome; according to the technical scheme, the method comprises the steps that 1, the device comprises a power supply module, a key module, a sound acquisition module, an MCU microprocessor, an ultrasonic ranging module, a liquid crystal display module and a storage module, the input end of the power supply module is connected with a mobile power supply; the output end of the power supply module supplies power to the sound acquisition module, the MCU microprocessor, the ultrasonic ranging module and the liquid crystal display module. Wherein the key module, the sound acquisition module, the ultrasonic ranging module, the liquid crystal display module and the storage module are electrically connected with the MCU microprocessor respectively; the sound acquisition module comprises a capacitor microphone, an automatic gain circuit and a two-stage preamplifier, the capacitor microphone is connected with the input end of the automatic gain circuit through the two-stage preamplifier, and the output end of the automatic gain circuit is connected with the MCU microprocessor.