A field returning machine capable of cleaning and returning straws on the earth surface of a seedbed belongs to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment and comprises a frame, a suspension bracket, a transmission system, a straw crushing device, a straw returning device and a limit wheel, the frame comprises a front transverse frame, a rear transverse frame, a shell plate and a side plate; the transmission system comprises a gear box, a transmission shaft and a V-shaped belt transmission mechanism; the straw smashing device comprises a cutter shaft, a cutter holder, a movable blade and a fixed cutter. According to the utility model, in a corn flat-cropping wide-narrow row planting mode, during operation, cut straw covering wide rows can be crushed and then returned to narrow rows with high stubbles during harvesting in the last season; therefore, the seedbed ground temperature can be increased, straw decay can be accelerated, diseases, insect pests and weeds can be reduced, a certain amount of ground straw coverage rate can be guaranteed, wind erosion and water erosion can be reduced, the purpose of protecting soil can be achieved, the method is particularly suitable for being applied and popularized in areas with low winter and spring temperatures, and meanwhile a new solution is provided for forbidding straw open-air incineration.