The utility model discloses a video transmission system of feedback motion compensation residual error information and method, the stay of two nights of distal end receiver is fed back received motion compensation residual error discrete cosine transform coefficient and is quantifyd information and motion vector on backward channel, the motion compensation residual error discrete cosine transform coefficient quantification information that the local decoder of transmitting terminal used the feedback refreshes the local frame of rebuilding, it is unanimous to make local decoder reconstruction frame and distal end stay of two nights video decoder rebuild the frame, can improve video transmission's quality and anti channel disturbance's ability by the idle backward channel of make full use of, effectively restrain the error spread, forward channel capacity influence to whole communication system is less. The utility model discloses in, forward conveying and reverse feedback data use video piece or macro block as the unit to guarantee that the reconstruction frame in the interframe motion compensated prediction updates the real -time.