The utility model relates a monitoring technology for coal mine safety, in particular relates to a coal pile spontaneous combustion monitoring pre-warning system based on temperature and index gas detection. The coal pile spontaneous combustion monitoring pre-warning system based on temperature and index gas detection comprises sensors, suction pipes, desiccant cartridges, gas detection devices, electromagnetic valves, water ring vacuum air pumps, a wireless network and a monitoring centre, wherein temperature sensors are integrally connected with the ends of the suction pipes embedded into coal piles; ethylene sensors and carbonic oxide sensors are arranged in gas collection boxes; the desiccant cartridges are connected with the suction pipes; a noble metal catalyst cartridge, the gas collection boxes, the ethylene sensor and the suction pipe in each gas detection device are connected with one another so as to form a suction pipeline I; each gas collection box, the corresponding carbonic oxide sensor and the corresponding suction pipe are connected with one another so as to form a suction pipeline II; the suction pipelines are switched by the electromagnetic valves; the water ring vacuum air pumps are controlled to collect gas in different areas of the different coal piles; temperature and index gas concentration information acquired by the sensors is received by the monitoring centre and then is analyzed, processed and stored by special software so as to conduct coal pile spontaneous combustion monitoring pre-warning.