A hand-operated relay protection test wire take-up and pay-off device comprises an insulating shell, an insulating cable reel, a rocking bar and a test wire, wherein the insulating cable reel is arranged in the insulating shell; the rocking bar is axially connected with the insulating cable reel and is positioned outside the insulating shell; the test wire is wound on the insulating cable reel; a wire discharging opening is formed in the insulating shell; one end of the test wire extends out form the wire discharging opening; a metal slot is formed in the insulating shell; a plug of the test wire can be connected with the metal slot in an inserted manner; and the other end of the test wire penetrates in the axis of a barrel of the insulating cable reel and is connected with the metal slot in the insulating shell. The test wire can be directly inserted in the device, namely, the length of a portion, which is positioned out of the insulating shell, of a fixed end of the test wire in the insulating shell can be increased. The hand-operated relay protection test wire take-up and pay-off device can be placed on the ground or other positions except for an experiment table when used in an experiment, and is suitable for various experiment environments.