The utility model relates to a distribution transformer detection and compensation control system comprising an isolating switch, a breaker, a low-voltage lightning arrester, a transformer capacity tester, and two low-voltage power capacitors. The isolating switch is connected with the inlet wire end of the breaker through a low-voltage wire connecting bar. The outlet wire end of the breaker is connected with ground through the low-voltage lightning arrester. The voltage input end of the transformer capacity tester is connected with the low-voltage wire connecting bar. The current input end of the transformer capacity tester is connected with an external current signal. The input end of a first capacitor is connected with the output end of the transformer capacity tester and the input end of a second capacitor. The ground end of the first capacitor is connected with the ground end of the second capacitor. The output end of the first capacitor and the output end of the second capacitor are both connected with the low-voltage wire connecting bar. The reactive compensation control system increases a power factor of a power grid, reduces loss on a power supply transformer and a transmission line, and improves power supply efficiency and power supply environment.