The utility model relates to the field of chemical coking, in particular to a pressure-equalizing and internal-heating type low-temperature coking furnace. The pressure-equalizing and internal-heating type low-temperature coking furnace comprises carbonization chambers, an air pipe penetrating into the carbonization chambers from the middle parts and a gas pipe, wherein the carbonization chambers comprise a plurality of separated cavities, and upper parts of the cavities are communicated; the air pipe and the gas pipe have a plurality of branch channels respectively, the branch channels are mixed in fire paths distributed in the middles of the carbonization chambers, and a plurality of fire paths penetrate out of the carbonization chambers; and coal feed ports are formed above the coking furnace, and coke outlets are formed under the furnace. With the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the low-temperature coking furnace has the benefits as follows: the yield of semi-coke after technical transformation is increased by more than 15%, the gas production is increased by more than 20%, and the operation is more simplified.