The utility model discloses an inner and outer double-rotor fault simulation experiment table based on elastic foundation and relates to an aeroengine experimental facility. The structure of the experiment table is mainly characterized in that an inner rotating shaft is disposed in an outer rotating shaft and the two rotating shafts have superposed central axes and are mechanically coupled by an intermediary supporting structure; that an inner rotor driving motor is disposed on an inner rotor driving motor seat and is connected with the inner rotating shaft through a main shaft coupling, that an inner rotor left wheel disc, an inner rotor left supporting structure, an inner rotor right wheel disc, and an inner rotor right supporting structure which are sleeved on the inner rotating shaft are successively connected along a central axis, and that an outer rotor left supporting structure, an outer rotor left wheel disc, an outer rotor right wheel disc which are sleeved on the outer rotating shaft are successively connected along a central axis. The experiment table employs elastic support with adjustable rigidity, and may detect influence of supporting rigidity on the power characteristics of the double rotors and simulate mechanical failures such as mass unbalance, rotor collision and friction, and support looseness of the double rotors of the aeroengine.