A double-energy X-ray human storage inspection device comprises an X-ray source, an X-ray collimation component, an X-ray double-energy detector, an inspection channel, a human transfer device, a control desk, a control crib, a computer, an image acquisition system and an image process and control system. The double-energy detector comprises a low-energy detector, a filter sheet and a high-energy detector which are mounted in turn. The double-energy detector is mounted in the detection channel and used for detecting high, low energy X-ray penetrating through the human to be detected and changing the high, low energy X-ray into the corresponding electric signal and transferring the signal to the image process and control system. The signal is processed into the digital signal capable of being recognized and processed by the computer and representing the detected object images of different material characters using different color and the digital signal is processed by the computer to be displayed on a reel at the real time. The equivalent atomic number information of the detected object is obtained by the high, low energy data detected by the inspection device, so as to distinguish the organic matter, the inorganic matter and the mixture, thus the interpretation efficiency is high and the effect is good.