The utility model relates to a multiphase optical fiber composite power cable. The composite power cable comprises a temperature-measuring optical cable (20), at least three cable cores for clamping the temperature-measuring optical cable, at least one communication optical cable (10) positioned outside the cable cores, a wrapping layer (4) encircling the cable cores and the communication optical cable (10), filling layers (3) positioned between the wrapping layer (4) and the cable cores and a sheath (5) for wrapping the wrapping layer (4); the cable cores are encircled to form a cavity to clamp the temperature-measuring optical cable (20); and the communication optical cable (10) is positioned in each filling layer (3) between the wrapping layer (4) and the cable cores. By changing a conventional cable into an intelligent cable with sensing and communication functions, the composite power cable provided by the utility model can monitor the hot carrier effect of the cable from a long distance dynamically and monitor and find out the position of a hot point, the position of a carrier bottleneck and the open-circuit position of the cable in real time, so key technical conditions are provided for the construction of an intelligent power grid.