The utility model provides a novel high-concentration refractory organic wastewater two-phase anaerobic membrane biological treatment pool. An anaerobic reactor used for internal circulation and a membrane bioreactor can regulate and control operation control parameters of an acidogenic phase reactor and a methanogenic phase reactor, so as to enable the acidogenic phase reactor and the methanogenic phase reactor to become two independent treatment units. The treatment pool is suitable for treating high-concentration organic wastewater, and anaerobic bacteria are domesticated and have higher tolerance to toxic substances; the organic loading rate is high and the volume load is high; generally, during anaerobic treatment, no energy is consumed, and at the same time, enormous energy resources can be produced; the produced surplus sludge volume is small, and the sedimentation performance and the dewatering performance of sludge are high; and furthermore, the treatment pool has the advantages of economy, high efficiency, small occupied area and low cost. The treatment pool is a treatment technology combining wastewater treatment and energy resource recovery and utilization, and serves as an effective means of treating the high-concentration organic wastewater.