The utility model relates to a multi-port structure of a bus monitoring module, which comprises a monitoring module, wherein, the monitoring module is connected with a group of three-wire-system connection ports or a group of two-wire-system connection ports; the three-wire-system connection port is provided with at least two groups that are connected with each other in parallel, and the two-wire-system connection port is provided with at least two groups that are connected with each other in parallel; each group of three-wire-system port comprises a three-wire-system data line end, a three-wire-system power-supply wire end and a three-wire-system ground wire end; each group of two-wire-system port comprises a two-wire-system data line end and a two-wire-system ground wire end. When at least two bus cables are required to be connected with the monitoring module, one of the bus cables is required to be connected with a connection port on the monitoring module, and the rest bus cables are directly connected with the bus cable that is connected with the monitoring module in parallel; therefore, each bus cable can share the driving of one connection port. The module has simple structure, flexible application and high reliability.