A method for transmitting data in a mobile communication system using an OFDMA scheme. The method includes dividing an entire frequency band of the mobile communication system into a plurality of sub-carrier frequency bands, generating a plurality of segments each of the plurality of segments having a preset number of sub-frequency bands and a preset number of time intervals, and each of the plurality of segments having a frequency domain and a time domain, classifying the plurality of segments into multiple types of segments in consideration of data characteristic, determining combinations ofsignal transmitting and receiving schemes to be applied to each of the type of segments in consideration of the data characteristic, and selecting one of the multiple types of segments for transmitting data in consideration of the data characteristic when the data is generated for transmission.