The invention relates to a vacuum dust collector, which comprises a base with dust inlet; connecting tube; movable panel lifted mounted at the upper part of base, while its bottom is adhered with adhesive part of water wipe and the guide rib protruded at the upper side; a lifter for lifting the movable panel and extending some length at the end to insert into the lifter of inner side of guide rib, while its two ends have protrusions; and a frame whose bottom is rotationally mounted with lifter, with protrusion plug with insertion protrusion, to be combined with base. With said invention, one side of water wipe will be separated first, then another side will be separated, therefore, the water wipe can be detached safely. The invention can avoid exposing the lifter.