This invention provides a kind of loop type network connection controlling method, route exchanging equipment and ring type network system. A node, which belongs to a loop only, is selected at each loop. The port of one loop, which has a selected node, is set to blocking status. Another port of the loop and ports of other loops are set to retransmitting status. Kinds of messages between nodes aresent as protocol message mode. The blocked port only processes the protocol message. When a node discovers that the connection with the adjacent node goes out of order, the node will send failure notification message to other ports on the said loop. The port correlated to the pathological connection will turn to blocking status too. To respond the failure notification message, the selected node on the said loop turns the blocking status port to retransmitting status. Fault detection and recovery of this invention all use distributed processing mode. It can fulfill less than 50ms rearrangement.