The invention provides an acoustic wave remote detecting while drilling system which comprises an acoustic wave measurement while drilling instrument, a comprehensive treatment device and a transmitting device. The acoustic wave measurement while drilling instrument is used for acquiring acoustic wave velocity data of a stratum and reflection wave data of a reservoir interface through a stratum acoustic velocity measurement mode and a reservoir interface detection mode after receiving a measurement instruction; the comprehensive treatment device is used for sending a measurement instruction atthe interval of making a connection or before making a pull, receiving the acoustic wave velocity data and the reflection wave data transmitted by the acoustic wave measurement while drilling instrument, and determining a position of the reservoir interface according to the acoustic wave velocity data and the reflection wave data; and the transmitting device is connected between the acoustic wavemeasurement while drilling instrument and the comprehensive treatment device, and is used for transmitting the measurement instruction, the acoustic wave velocity data and the reflection wave data. According to the acoustic wave remote detecting while drilling system provided by the invention, the problem that the identification on a stratum interface is out of work since an underground stratum velocity model cannot be positioned high-accurately due to the shortage of geophysical data while drilling is solved, a large number of underground detection data can be quickly acquired in the drilling process, and the reservoir interface can be accurately positioned.