The invention discloses a voltage power distribution characteristic analysis method and device of a flexible DC power transmission system. The method comprises the following steps of acquiring a control variable combination of a flexible DC power transmission system at n converter stations; when the control variable combination is active power and direct current voltage, and a direct current voltage droop control strategy is adopted, enabling the flexible direct current power transmission system to be an equivalent system with n + 1 nodes, wherein the (n+1)-th node is a virtual node, and the nconverter stations are n power nodes; determining the impedance of n virtual lines formed between the power nodes and the virtual node; and according to the virtual line impedance, obtaining the voltage distribution and the power distribution of the flexible direct current system at the n converter stations through a direct current power grid linear load flow calculation method. According to themethod and the device, the voltage power distribution characteristics of the flexible direct current system can be quickly and visually obtained, and the efficiency of the voltage power distribution characteristic analysis method is improved.