An intelligent conversion device for an ammeter 485 interface comprises a central processing unit, a first communication interface, a second communication interface, a third communication interface and a fourth communication interface, wherein the first communication interface and the second communication interface are responsible for dispatching data transceiving; the third communication interface and the fourth communication interface are responsible for marketing data transceiving; the first communication interface and the second communication interface are respectively connected to a powerdispatching network and a power dispatching port of an ammeter to form two 485 dispatching communication channels. The third communication interface and the fourth communication interface are respectively connected to power marketing ports of a power marketing network and an ammeter to form two 485 marketing communication channels; and the central processing unit is used for monitoring data transceiving of the two 485 dispatching communication channels and the two 485 marketing communication channels through logic judgment. The device has the functions of system monitoring and self-diagnosis,automatically tracks and judges the communication state of the double-path 485, completes the fault diagnosis of the receiving state and the sending state of the double-path 485, completes the protocol judgment and receiving and sending data analysis of the double-path 485 communication, and timely completes the data channel switching function.