Relating to the technical field of odor collection, the invention provides a portable odor collecting device and a playing device. The portable odor collecting device comprises a headspace cover, an air extractor and a gas collection apparatus. The headspace cover is communicated with an air inlet of the air extractor through a first pipeline, and an air outlet of the air extractor is communicatedwith the gas collection apparatus through a second pipeline. The gas collection apparatus comprises at least one of a gas storage unit, a liquid adsorption unit and a solid adsorption unit. The portable odor collecting device disclosed by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to operate, is convenient for a user to collect and store smell simply and quickly, during smell playing, the gas collection apparatus, the air extractor and a smell playing mask can be sequentially communicated through a pipeline to form the playing device, thus realizing physical output of physically collected smell, reaching the purpose of authentic reproduction of smell, and enhancing the authentic recall and experience of a user to smell.