The invention relates to the technical field of printing and dyeing pretreatment additives, in particular to an effective environment-friendly clay mineral scouring agent, which comprises, by weight,12-15% of clay, 25-35% of surfactant, 4-7% of dispersant, 0.1-1% of defomaer, and the balance being deionized water. The effective environment-friendly clay mineral scouring agent is free of phosphorus, and accordingly damage to environment from phosphorus products is reduced; under synergistic effect of components, the scouring agent has high heavy metal and oil adsorption and cleaning function,is good for stable releasing of hydrogen peroxide to achieve excellent whiteness, can reduce the risk of holes in the pretreatment, is good for oil removal for fabric, and has excellent emulsifying dispersion, low foams and good capillary effect; the fabric treated by the scouring agent is much smooth, and fuzzing and crease of the fabric are reduced.