The invention relates to a pole-mounted equipment switch inspection device and a working method. The device comprises a pole climbing mechanism to which a circular-ring-shaped rail is fixed, wherein awalking trolley is arranged on the rail; the walking trolley can walk along the rail; a first motor is fixed to the walking trolley; an output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected with one end of a first electric telescopic rod, a camera is fixed to the other end of the first electric telescopic rod, and the first motor can drive the first electric telescopic rod to rotate in the plane perpendicular to the circumferential plane where the rail is located. The inspection device is high in work efficiency and low in labor intensity.