The embodiment of the invention provides a greenhouse house identification method and system based on remote sensing big data, and the method comprises the steps: firstly determining an important region for monitoring a greenhouse house through combining with a land utilization information graph, traffic information and an administrative region graph of a target region; then determining the category of an important region where the greenhouse house may appear based on the historical remote sensing image, updating the land utilization information graph by utilizing the important region with thedetermined category, and superposing the generated grid into the updated land utilization information graph; and finally, judging whether a greenhouse room area covered with a film exists in the gridor not so as to determine the spatial distribution information of the greenhouse room covered with the film in the whole target area. In the embodiment of the invention, the distribution characteristics and the development time of the greenhouse rooms are fully considered, and the change characteristic difference of the time sequences of the greenhouse and the greenhouse rooms is also considered,so that the finally obtained spatial distribution information of the greenhouse rooms covered with the films has relatively high accuracy.