The invention discloses a quantitative evaluation method for the temperature deviation of a trough type solar heat collection field. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a heat collection unit heat equalization model of a trough type solar heat collection field, inputting basic parameters of the trough type solar heat collection field; assuming the average temperature of the heattransfer fluid of each heat collection loop; calculating to obtain the flow of the heat transfer fluid in each heat collection pipe loop; combining a heat collection unit heat equalization model, namely a heat equalization relationship; calculating the outlet temperature and the average temperature of the heat transfer fluid in each heat collection tube loop, judging whether the absolute deviation between the calculated average temperature of the heat transfer fluid in each heat collection tube loop and the assumed value is within 0.5 DEG C or not, if so, ending the operation to obtain the outlet temperature of the heat collection tube loop, and comparing the outlet temperature deviation; and if not, re-assuming the average temperature of the heat transfer fluid of each heat collection loop, and carrying out loop iteration. According to the method, the outlet temperature and the deviation of the loop of the heat collecting pipe are accurately calculated.