The present invention provides a buffering and damping device for a roller of a belt-type roaster. The buffering and damping device is characterized by comprising a roller system (1), a reset system (2), a bearing system (3) and an active feedback system (4), wherein the bearing system (3) is coaxially disposed in the roller system (1) in a penetrating way. Key components and test elements such aspistons, hydraulic cylinders and sensors are used for buffering and damping the roller during the operation of the belt-type roaster, so that the problem of roller damage caused by large stress on the rollers in the operation process can be effectively avoided, and the operation safety of the belt-type roaster can be greatly improved.