The invention belongs to the technical field of plant breeding and particularly relates to a method of breeding bridge species resistant to root swelling disease on the basis of fast-cycle rapeseed, and further discloses a rapid breeding method for rapid breeding for resistance to root swelling disease. In the method for breeding the bridge species resistant to the root swelling disease, new fast-cycle rapeseed Hefei-1CR resistant to the root swelling disease is obtained by introducing traditional root swelling resistance traits to the fast-cycle rapeseed Hefei-1 by backcross, the whole transfer process takes only about 10 months, and the advantages of short breeding time and stable breeding bridge species are achieved. The rapid breeding method for the root swelling disease is improved onthe basis of constructing the fast-cycle bridge species resistant to the root swelling disease, a 'podding method/ is created on the basis of the traits of infinite inflorescence of rapeseed, the recurrent parent can be ensured to be always in the flowering state, only two years taken to transfer a new disease-resistant system during the whole process of transfer is guaranteed, and the cycle of transfer and improvement is greatly shortened.