A method for using a high-strength steel wire gauze reinforcement material to ecologically fill a road embankment comprises the steps of laying a high-strength steel wire gauze with a folding corner and and a reversely wrapped cover surface in a roadbed filling position; from a laying bottom layer, transversely laying the high-strength steel wire gauze in a divided manner; connecting the twisted edge of each sheet of high-strength steel wire gauze with each other; laying plant ecological mat backfill planting soil along the folding corner of the high-strength steel wire gauze; filling soil to the high-strength steel wire gauze and filling the soil in a layered manner according to a compaction thickness of not larger than 30 cm; after the filling thickness reaches a designed reinforcement net distance, folding and fixing the reversely wrapped cover surface to the compacted surface of the filled soil, and inserting plant strips with roots under the reversely wrapped cover surface; repeating the operation to continuously fill the soil till the soil approaches a roadbase top; arranging a gravel drainage layer on the high-strength steel wire gauze at the lower part; arranging a geotextile material drainage mat; connecting the geotextile material drainage mat with the gravel drainage layer; and finally, planting grass seeds on the external side slope surface of a plant ecological mat. The method for using the high-strength steel wire gauze reinforcement material to ecologically fill the road embankment can be used for steeper roadbed fill side slopes and has the characteristics of stable structure of the filled roadbed, good roadbed side slope landscape greening effect and the like.