The invention belongs to the technical field of power equipment, and particularly relates to a deicing robot for a high-altitude power transmission cable. The deicing robot comprises a mounting plateat the bottom portion, wherein a first mounting frame and a second mounting frame are connected to two ends of the mounting plate, a driving pulley and an auxiliary pulley are arranged at the two endsof the cross rod of the first mounting frame, and the driving pulley is driven by a motion control motor; the auxiliary pulley is connected with a telescopic device; the first mounting frame and thesecond mounting frame are provided with a first monitoring device and a second monitoring device, the mounting plate is provided with a deicing device, the deicing device comprises a first deicing portion and a second deicing portion which are symmetrical to each other, deicing teeth are uniformly distributed at the inner sides of the first deicing portion and the second deicing portion, and the first deicing portion and the second deicing portion are engaged with gears of deicing control motors at the two sides of a deicing road. The deicing robot can be used for high-tension cable deicing, is good in deicing effect, high in working efficiency, not easy to damage the cable and very safe.