The invention relates to a shared motor vehicle driver identity authentication method and system. The identity authentication system comprises a data encryption and decryption module, a data transmission module, a data processing module, an information storage module, a vehicle-mounted terminal, a vehicle-mounted terminal authorization intelligent card and a driver identity intelligent card. According to the shared motor vehicle driver identity authentication method and system, through an automatic inspection mode, the labor intensity of workers can be greatly reduced, and the working cost canbe greatly reduced, and the working efficiency can be greatly improved.