The invention discloses a printing paper management and control system which comprises a sampling unit for determining the quantity information of paper by scanning a two-dimensional code of the paperprefabricated on packaged paper; a database connected with the printing server and used for storing paper quantity information required by book brochures input by the printing server; an accounting unit connected with the sampling unit and the database, collects and stores the paper quantity of the book volume based on the database, calls the paper quantity information collected by the sampling unit at the same time, and automatically accounts the quantity of the plurality of pieces of packaged paper to be an integral multiple of the paper quantity of the book volume; a calling unit connectedwith the accounting unit, calls the two-dimensional code of the paper to be packaged after accounting is completed, and calls the paper to be packaged based on the finally determined two-dimensionalcode information, Meanwhile, the invention discloses a printing paper management and control method based on the system. The paper distribution device has the effects of reasonably distributing the paper and preventing the paper from being damaged after being placed for a long time.