The invention discloses a reliability modeling method and prediction method for stone elasticity modulus at high temperature. The stone is widely applied to the field of constructional engineering, and the high-temperature performance of the stone is very important for the safety of a building structure under fire. In addition, in the geological environment of projects such as deep resource mining, underground coal gasification, geothermal resource development and high-radioactivity nuclear waste storage, the rock engineering structure may experience a certain degree of high temperature, and the high temperature can cause the mechanical property of the stone to be degraded, so that the structural safety is reduced. According to the method, a Frechet distribution function (Frechet distrituton) is innovatively adopted to describe the distribution law of the measured values of the elasticity modulus of the stone; the invention provides the reliability modeling method and the prediction method for the elasticity modulus of the stone at the high temperature, and provides technical support for damage evaluation and prediction of the stone in building structures and rock engineering under the action of the high temperature.