The invention discloses a water and soil erosion prevention slope protection structure of a riverway side slope. The water and soil erosion prevention slope protection structure includes a base plate,a supporting plate is attached to the top side wall of the base plate, inserting rods are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the supporting plate, the side walls of the inserting rods and the base plate are in clearance fit, slope protection bricks are arranged on the top side wall of the supporting plate, rubber blocks are fixedly connected to the side wall of an outer plate, the outer side walls of the rubber blocks and the outer block are in interference fitting, and hollow blocks are fixedly connected to the left side walls of the outer blocks. According to thewater and soil erosion prevention slope protection structure of the riverway side slope, during installation of slope protection, firstly, the hollow blocks are embedded in the outer sides of trees,the trees are also planted on the riverway side to prevent water and soil erosion, soil is reinforced with the trees, then the slope protection bricks are built on the surface of the supporting plate,the direct contact with the riverway ground during installation of the slope protection bricks is avoided, the slope protection bricks are inconvenient to be built and prone to being washed away by river water, and meanwhile, the situation that cement makes a contact with the ground can be reduced, so that pollution is reduced.