The invention discloses a rapid cleaning device of a chain. The rapid cleaning device comprises a box body, wherein a feeding opening and a discharging opening are formed in the box body, a partitionplate is horizontally arranged in the box body, a traction wheel I is arranged in the box body and located below the partition plate, a tensioning wheel is arranged in the box body and located on oneside of the partition board, and more than two traction wheels II are arranged in the box body and above the partition plate, a water outlet I is formed in the partition plate, and a water inlet channel is arranged in the lower end of the water outlet I, a cleaning agent box is arranged on the outer wall of the box body, and the cleaning agent box communicated with a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe extends into the box body and communicated with the water inlet channel, and a water storage tank is arranged at the upper end of the box body, the water storage tank is connected with a waterinlet pipe I, and the water inlet pipe I extends into the tank body and is connected with the water spraying disc. According to the rapid cleaning device for the chain, the chain can be automaticallycleaned, and the working efficiency is high.