The invention discloses a method for fully recycling anions and cations from microetching waste liquid. The method comprises the following steps: (1), adjusting the pH value of the microetching wasteliquid to be treated to 2.5-3.5; (2), extracting the microetching waste liquid by using extracting equipment to produce a raffinate, washing water and copper-rich liquid; (3), mixing the washing waterwith the raffinate, and then performing cotton core filtration, activated carbon filtration and ion exchange resin filtration to remove waste organic matters and intercept residual heavy metal ions to obtain a colorless ammonium sulfate solution; (4), then, crystallizing through evaporative concentration under negative pressure and at low temperature to produce ammonium sulfate crystals; and (5),finally, performing evaporative concentration under negative pressure and crystal growth to produce granular copper sulfate pentahydrate crystals. According to the method, liquid operation is performed and a precipitate filtration need is avoided in the whole process, a requirement on almost no residual copper ions in the raffinate can be met, the quality of the product crystallized copper sulfate can reach an electroplating pure grade index, the anionic sulfate is finally produced in the form of ammonium sulfate, and the demand on an ammonium sulfate product in the national standard is met.