The invention relates to an amino functionalized porous material and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method includes the following steps that rigid particles are dispersed into the water phase containing polyethyleneimine, the pH is adjusted to 10-13, and an oil phase is added to form oil-in-water emulsion. By the pre-added oil phase or a cross-linking agent added after the oil-in-water emulsion is formed, a cross linking reaction is performed, and the product is obtained after reaction, standing, curing, deoiling, dehydration and drying. Compared with the prior art, the porous material has high mechanical strength, can be directly used for adsorption of aldehydes, acid gases, anionic dyes and metal ions, and also can serve as a catalyst carrier.