The invention discloses application of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) in preparation of a medicament for preventing and/or treating altitude sickness caused by rushing into a plateau. According to the invention, a comprehensive experimental cabin is used to simulate an altitude environment of 7000 m in elevation, the protective effect of 6-benzylaminopurine on myocardial edema caused by rushing into aplateau which is a hypobaric hypoxia environment is observed, and related mechanisms are explored. Experimental results show that 6-BA can reduce the water content of myocardial tissue in rats in thealtitude hypobaric hypoxia environment, reduce the damage degree of myocardial tissue caused by the hypobaric hypoxia environment, and inhibit expression of xAQP1 mRNA and miR-144-3p in myocardial tissue of rats in the altitude hypobaric hypoxia environment. It is indicated that 6-BA has a good therapeutic effect on the altitude disease caused by rushing into the altitude hypobaric hypoxia environment, has a significant effect on treatment of myocardial edema, and can be developed into a drug for preventing and treating altitude sickness caused by rushing into plateau.