The invention discloses a method for calculating the lorry traveling mileage based on railway vehicle number information, and belongs to the field of railway transportation. The method for calculatingthe lorry traveling mileage adopts the basic information of a detection station corresponding vehicle number identification equipment and combines lorry traveling experience and lorry traveling routing information to respectively build calculation models of the lorry traveling mileage aiming at different route situations, vehicle number information collected in real time by the railway vehicle number identification equipment is stored in a mileage statistical server and subjected to serialization to form an ordered set, and the built calculation models are combined the vehicle number information in the ordered set to calculate the lorry traveling mileage and record lorry traveling track. The method has the advantages that the vehicle number information collected in real time by the vehicle number identification equipment is utilized to achieve calculation of the lorry traveling mileage, the calculation precision is high, the algorithm operates stably and controllably, and meanwhile, continuous improvement of the follow-up calculation precision is facilitated.