The invention discloses an aluminum alloy material, a preparation method thereof and a composite material. The aluminum alloy material comprises nano-scale cracks and film hole layers, wherein the nano-scale cracks are formed in the surface of an aluminum raw material, the film hole layers are formed on the surface and the sides and bottoms of the cracks and comprise three-dimensional network structures formed by the mutual intersection of cylindrical objects and/or hook face bodies, and nano-scale gaps are formed by the three-dimensional network structures.