The invention discloses a carbon-fiber-based support structure and ship, relating to the technical field of an unmanned ship, comprising a ship hull, wherein a base is fixedly connected with a middlepart of an inn bottom wall of the ship hull, an upper surface of the base is provided with a lifting mechanism, an outer surface of the lifting mechanism is sleeved with a protective mechanism, and anupper surface of the ship hull is provided with a fixing mechanism. A support structure base on carbon fiber and a ship are provide with a limited position block, which can effectively limit the moving range of the first fixing plate, the invention prevents the phenomenon that the first slip ring is separated from the fixing post during the movement of the first fixing plate, as that first forward and reverse motor is provided, in conjunction with that use of the first gear, the second gear, threaded rod and threaded pipe can effectively drive the movement of the threaded rod through the first forward and reverse motor, thereby realizing the height adjustment of the threaded rod and the third fixing plate, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the hull, solves the problem that the hull is not convenient to use based on the carbon fiber bracket structure and the ship, and meets the needs of the majority of users.