The invention provides a fire extinguishing agent spraying device. The device comprises a gas storage cylinder, a fire extinguishing agent storage cylinder, a sprinkler, a temperature detector, a smoke detector and a control unit; the control unit is connected with the temperature detector, the smoke detector and a pressure gauge, and controls the gas storage cylinder to inflate the fire extinguishing agent storage cylinder when the temperature data of a battery is higher than the preset value and/or the concentration data of smoke is higher than the preset value, when the pressure data reaches the pressure value required for cooling or extinguishing, the sprinkler is controlled to eject a fire extinguishing agent, and when the temperature data is lower than the preset value and/or the smoke data is lower than the preset value, the sprinkler is controlled to stop ejecting the fire extinguishing agent. According to the device, the safety state of a battery module is determined by the temperature detector and the smoke detector, and the control unit controls the fire extinguishing agent storage cylinder to cool the superheated battery module in time according to the different safetystate of the battery module; after the battery is out of control, the fire extinguishing agent storage cylinder can be controlled to extinguishing the fired battery module and its surroundings in time, thereby improving the fire extinguishing efficiency.