The invention provides a treatment method and a treatment system for copper electrolyte cleaning agent regeneration tail liquid. The method comprises the following steps that firstly, the copper electrolyte cleaning agent regeneration tail liquid is oxidized through an oxidization agent, solid-liquid separation is conducted, and antimony containing oxidizing slag is obtained; secondly, after the antimony containing oxidizing slag is dissolved through acid and mixed with a reducing agent for the reaction, solid-liquid separation is conducted, and antimony containing reducing liquid is obtained;and thirdly, the antimony containing reducing liquid is subjected to hydrolysis, solid-liquid separation is conducted, and a cleaning agent for a copper electrolyte is obtained. Through the treatmentmethod and the treatment system for the copper electrolyte cleaning agent regeneration tail liquid, the main component antimony of the cleaning agent is recycled from the regeneration tail liquid, and regeneration and usage can be achieved in the form of the cleaning agent. The experiment result shows that the comprehensive recycling rate of the antimony of the technology for obtaining the cleaning agent through regeneration tail liquid treatment reaches 92% or above. The whole technology process is simple and efficient, cost is low, benefits are good, and the treatment method and the treatment system are suitable for industrial application and popularization.