The invention discloses efficient hub welding equipment and method. The equipment comprises a rotary driver, a spindle, a linear driver, a wheel disc fixator and a rim fixator. The tail end of the spindle is connected with the wheel disc fixator, and the wheel disc fixator is used for mounting of a wheel disc. The rim fixator is used for mounting of a rim. The rotary driver is connected with the spindle and drives the spindle to rotate. The linear driver is connected with the spindle and drives the spindle to linearly move relative to the rim fixator. According to the efficient hub welding equipment and method, inertia spin friction welding is applied to hub welding; inertia spin friction welding provides energy through inertia stored energy, heating of a welding interface is achieved tilljointing is finally achieved, and the instant welding power larger than that of other welding acting manners can be provided; and welding between the same materials or different materials can be fastachieved, the repeatability of the welding process is high, the welding quality is stable and reliable, the equipment and method are suitable for large-batch welding production, and the product defect rate can be effectively controlled to be reduced to 3.4 millionth or below.