The invention provides a power grid dispatching system-based distributed real-time library system. The system comprises a data storage component, a data high-speed buffer component, a data service component and a cluster management component, wherein the data storage component is used for obtaining cluster data and is responsible for persistence of the cluster data; the cluster data comprises model data and real-time data; the data high-speed buffer component is used for obtaining the real-time data and storing and managing the real-time data; the data service component is used for accessing the cluster data and is responsible for redundancy of the cluster data; and the cluster management component is used for managing cluster service priorities, monitoring cluster stage states, and managing node resources and capacity expansion and shrinkage of clusters. The system is capable of supporting large-scale data storage and data access of power grids, has the characteristics of being high in throughput, availability and expansibility, and more accords with the demand for dispatching large-scale data storage and access of automatic systems.