The invention relates to a preparation method of a cylindrical compound heater. The method comprises the following steps: polishing the surface of a matrix of the cylindrical heater: a pyrolytic boronnitride matrix, till the surface coarseness Ra of the matrix is 0.5-4.0 microns, then coating a pyrolytic graphite coating which is 10-300 [mu]m thick, wherein the difference value of coefficient ofthermal expansion of the pyrolytic graphite coating and that of the pyrolytic boron nitride matrix is smaller than or equal to 1.5*10<6>/DEG C; and processing patterns on the surface of the matrix coated with the pyrolytic graphite coating, filling a CVD reaction furnace with the matrix with processed patterns, coating the pyrolytic graphite coating which is 10-300 [mu]m thick, and cooling the same to obtain the cylindrical compound heater. The cylindrical compound heater provided by the invention can be heated and cooled for 170-300 times continuously within 1500 DEG C without being layer-formed and layered, so that the service life of the heater is prolonged effectively, and the heating efficiency is kept above 78%.