Disclosed in the present invention is a point cloud attribute compression method based on deleting 0 elements in a quantisation matrix; for a quantisation matrix in a point cloud attribute compression process, using an optimal traversal sequence at a coding end to concentrate the 0 elements at the end of a generated data stream and implementing entropy encoding after deleting the 0s, reducing the data quantity of the data stream and reducing the code streams generated after encoding; at a decoding end, incorporating point cloud geometric information to restore the deleted 0 elements, ensuring that the present method does not introduce additional error; comprising: the encoding end optimises the traversal sequence for a quantisation matrix; deleting the 0 elements at the end of the data stream; the decoding end refers to the geometric information to restore the quantisation matrix; a point cloud attribute compression encoding process and decoding process. The present invention uses 7 traversal sequences at the encoding end of the point cloud attribute compression, such that the distribution of the 0 elements in the data stream is more concentrated at the end thereof. The 0 elements at the end of the data stream are deleted, removing redundant information and reducing the quantity of data to be entropy encoded. At the decoding end, the point cloud geometric information is incorporated to supplement the deleted 0 elements, the quantisation matrix being restored according to the traversal sequence, thereby improving compression performance without introducing new errors.