The invention discloses a miniature plunger pump achieving synchronous rotating flow distribution. The miniature plunger pump comprises an oil discharge end, a cylinder body, a return spring, a plunger sliding shoe assembly, a shell and a main shaft. The miniature plunger pump is characterized by further comprising a synchronous rotating sleeve. The oil discharge end, the cylinder body, the synchronous rotating sleeve, the shell and the main shaft are located on the same geometrical axis. The synchronous rotating sleeve is located between the shell and the cavity wall of a plunger cavity of the cylinder body in the radial direction of the cross section, the main shaft and the synchronous rotating sleeve synchronously rotate and drive the plunger sliding shoe assembly to conduct reciprocating movement in the plunger cavity of the cylinder body, and the synchronous rotating sleeve periodically opens and closes an oil absorption flow channel and an oil discharge flow channel in the cylinder body. By means of the optimal design of the structure, the miniaturization and the high speed of the miniature plunger pump can be achieved, the purpose that the miniature plunger pump conducts synchronous flow distribution under the condition of the high rotating speed and the high pressure can also be achieved, and the problems that dynamic unbalance of the rotating main shaft of the miniature plunger pump exists, and a cantilever is long are solved.