The invention provides a polydopamine superstructure microsphere modified textile product material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dispersing amolybdate solution into a buffer solution, adding dopamine, and stirring and complexing at low temperature, heating and continuously stirring to perform oxidation reaction under the air atmosphere toobtain a molybdenum grafted polydopamine aqueous solution; and adding an ethanol aqueous solution containing silicon dioxide into the molybdenum grafted polydopamine aqueous solution dropwise, performing hand oscillation after adding the materials, adding ammonia water dropwise and stirring, adding the polydopamine aqueous solution dropwise while stirring to perform reaction to obtain a polydopamine superstructure microsphere solution, adding the polydopamine superstructure microspheres into textile products or on the surface to give excellent properties to the textile products. The polydopamine superstructure microsphere is used for replacing the traditional polydopamine film or microsphere to serve as a modifier of the textile product, performs modification treatment on the textile products and improves the adsorbing, flame-resistance, hydrophobic and reinforcing properties of the textile products.