The invention belongs to the technical field of development of oil and gas fields and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring the frictional resistance of carbon dioxide. The device comprises a power unit, a flow meter and a frictional resistance measuring unit which are sequentially connected through pipelines so as to form a loop, and a liquid-phase pipeline and a gas-phase pipeline are communicated to the pipeline between the frictional resistance measuring unit and the power unit in parallel. By simulating the flow of liquid carbon dioxide under different pipe diameterconditions, the flow frictional resistance of liquid carbon dioxide is measured, so that a method is provided for researching the frictional resistance property of liquid carbon dioxide in a pipelineduring field carbon dioxide dry-method sand fracturing construction, the gasification problem of liquid carbon dioxide is quantitatively analyzed and researched, and the problems that a fracturing truck runs in an empty pump condition, and the displacement is high in fluctuation and is difficult to be increased on site are solved.