This specification describes techniques for blockchain-based music originality analysis. One example method includes retrieving a music file published on a blockchain network comprising the music library node and a music analyzer node, performing an originality analysis on the music file based on a local music library to generate a first originality and analysis digest that indicates an originality and analysis result, publishing the first originality and analysis digest to the blockchain network to record and authenticate the originality and analysis result in the blockchain network, retrieving the first originality and analysis digest published to the blockchain network by the music library nodes, summarizing the first originality and analysis digest to generate a second originality and analysis digest, and processing a service related to originality of the music file based on the second originality and analysis digest.